Original boundaries of the Republic of Texas, first flag of the Republic
The Declaration of Independence for the Republic of Texas was signed this day on 2 March 1836, establishing the new (but short-lived) nation. Following the resounding defeat of Mexican General Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto on 21 April 1836 (my birthday), Texas' independence from Mexico was secured. My alma mater, Baylor University, was chartered in the days of the old Republic in early 1845. You can read about its history here.
"Father of Texas" Stephen F. Austin (left), President Sam Houston (right)
Following the leadership of President Sam Houston, Texas was annexed to the United States in late 1845. The resolution of annexation included two unique provisions: first, it gave the new State of Texas the right to divide itself into as many as five states with approval of its legislature. Second, Texas did not have to surrender its public lands to the federal government, which means that the US government actually owns very little land within the State of Texas today in comparison with other states.
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